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Q No. 1 What is the metabolic waste?
METABOLIC WASTE
Any material that is produced during body metabolism and that may harm the body is called metabolic waste.
Q.No. 2 Define transpiration.
Transpiration
The loss of water from plant surface in the form of vapours is called transpiration.
Q.No. 4. Why guttation should not be confused with duc?
CONFUSION BETWEEN GUTTATION AND DEW Guttation is not to be confused with due, which condenses from the atmosphere onto the plant surface.
Q. No. 5 Write names of excretory products in plants
EXCRETORY PRODUCTS IN PLANTS
The following are the excretory products in plants: Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Water
Calcium oxalate
Latex
Resins
Gums
Mucilage
Q. No. 6 Which organs work for homeostasis in humans?
ORGANS FOR HOMEOSTASIS IN HUMANS The following organs work for homeostasis in humans: Lungs:
Lungs remove excess carbon dioxide and keep it in balance.
Skin:
Skin performs role in the
Maintenance of body temperature Removal of excess water and salts Kidneys:
The kidneys filter the following from the blood and form urine: Excess water
Salts
Urea
Uric acid
Q. No.7 What are Goosebumps'?)
GOOSEBUMPS
Formation:
Contraction of small muscles attached to hairs forms Goosebumps.
Function:
It creates an insulation blanket of warm air
Q. No.8 Explain role of lungs in excretion of carbon dioxide.
ROLE OF LUNGS IN EXCRETION OF CARBON DIOXIDE
Lungs maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. Our cells produce carbon dioxide when they perform cellular respiration. From cells, carbon dioxide diffuses into tissue fluid and from here into blood. Blood carries carbon dioxide to lungs from where it is removed in air
Q. No. 9 Which materials do not filter through the glomerular capillaries and why?
The following materials are not filtered through the glomerular capillaries: Blood cells
Proteins
Reason
They are relatively larger in size
Q. No. 10 What is the percentage of originally filtered volume of glomerular filtrate that forms urine?
QNo. 11 What volume of urine is produced by an average human adult per day?
At the final stage, urine is only 1% of the originally filtered volume.
The typical volume of urine produced by an average adult is around 1.4 liters per day
Q.No. 12 What is the composition of the kidney stones?
COMPOSITION OF KIDNEY STONES
The kidney stones are composed of the crystals of the following salts
Calcium oxalate
Calcium phosphate
Ammonium phosphate
Uric acid
Q.No. 13 What causes the materials to move from glomerular capillaries to Bowman's capsule?
Blood pressure causes the materials to move from glomerular capillaries to Bowman's capsule
Q.No. 14 What is the contribution of Abu Nasr al-Farabi?
CONTRIBUTION OF ABU NASR AL-FARABI
Period: 872-951 Contribution
He was a prominent scientist who wrote many books that contained information about kidney diseases
Q.No. 15 What is the contribution of Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi?
CONTRIBUTION OF ABU AL-QASIM AL-ZAHRAWI
He is also known as Albucasis.
Period: 936-1013
Contribution
He is considered to be Islam's greatest surgeon who invented many surgical procedures including the surgical removal of stones from the urinary bladder.
Publication:
His encyclopedia. Al Tasrif ("The Method"), contained over 200 surgical medical trstruments he personally designed
Q No 16 Define kidney failure.
KIDNEY FAILURE
The complete or partial talk of kidney to function is called kidney failure.
Q. No. 17 What are the leading causes of kidney failure?
LEADING CAUSES OF KIDNEY FAILURE
The following are the leading causes of kidney failure:
Diabetes
mellitus
Hypertension
Q. No. 18 Enlist the causes of kidney failure.
CAUSES OF KIDNEY FAILURE
The following are the causes of kidney failure: Diabetes mellitus
Hypertension
Sudden interruption in the blood supply to kidney
Drug Overdose
Q.No.19 What are symptoms of kidney failure.
SYMPTOMS OF KIDNEY FAILURE
The following are the symptoms of kidney failure: High level of urea in blood
High level of waste materials in blood Vomiting
Nausea
Weight loss
Frequent urination
Blood in urine
Swelling of legs, feet and face Shortness of breath
Q. No. 20 How is kidney failure treated?
TREATMENT OF KIDNEY FAILURE
The kidney failure is treated with:
Dialysis
Kidney transplant
Q. No. 21 What problems may arise after kidney transplant.
PROBLEMS AFTER TRANSPLANT
Problems after a transplant may include: Transplant rejection
Infections
Imbalances in body salts
Bone problems
Ulcers
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